Задания к тексту Feedback

Exercise 1

Ответьте на вопросы:

 

  1. By means of what principle a machine can be provided with the capacity for self-correction?
  2. What is the principle of a feedback loop operation?
  3. When was the feedback principle first introduced?
  4. Who was the inventor of the flyball governor and what was it used for?
  5. What was the principle of flyballs operation in James Watt’s stem engine?
  6. Can we consider a household thermostat as a feed back device?
  7. What functions can be performed by machine using feedback devices?
  8. In what production operations are feedback devices used?

 

Exercise 2

Составьте предложения,  используя данные выражения:  

 

Automatic-control mechanism - feedback principle -  mechanical device – pneumatic device -  electronic device -  to measure a physical quantity - a preestablished standard – to take a preprogrammed action -  limits of the acceptable standard - limits or tolerances -  physical characteristics -  wide variety of production operations.

 

Exercise 3 

Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

 

  1. Feedback controls are widely used in modern automated systems.
  2. A feedback control system consists of five basic components.
  3. The input to the system is the reference value, or set point, for the system output.
  4. The sensing elements are the measuring devices used in the feedback loop to monitor the value of the output.
  5. This device consists of two metal strips joined along their lengths.
  6. The two metals possess different thermal expansion coefficients.
  7. Bimetallic strip is capable of measuring temperature.
  8. There are many different kinds of sensors used in feedback control systems for automation.
  9. The purpose of the controller and actuating devices in the feedback system is to compare the measured output value with the reference input value and to reduce the difference between them.
  10. In general, the controller and actuator of the system are the mechanisms by which changes in the process are accomplished to influence the output variable.
  11. These mechanisms are usually designed specifically for the system and consist of devices such as motors, valves, solenoid switches, piston cylinders, gears, power screws, pulley systems, chain drives, and other mechanical and electrical components.
  12. The switch connected to the bimetallic strip of the thermostat is the controller and actuating device for the heating system.
  13. When the output (room temperature) is below the set point, the switch turns on the heater.
  14. When the temperature exceeds the set point, the heat is turned off.