Задания по теме "Эмфатические конструкции"
Упражнение 1. Переведите следующие предложения, выделяя в них усилительное do:
1.These molecules are too small to be seen, even with the microscope, but strong experimental evidence seems to show that they do exist. 2. The formation of ozone during the electrolysis of water does not change the weight of the gas collected at the positive pole but it does decrease the volume. 3.We were discussing so far what happens to a body when forces do not act on it. 4. Let us now consider what happens when forces do act on it. 5.Though some substances seem to be very nearly insoluble, water does dissolve most things to some extent.
Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите в них функции глагола do: усилительную, вспомогательного глагола, глагола-заместителя.
1. This field does not affect the forward motion of the electrons but does act upon the transverse motion. 2. Not all metals react with acids, and when they do the gas evolved is not always hydrogen. 3. Gold usually occurs in the natural state while iron does not. 4. The individual electrons do not move even approximately independent of the another as do, for example, the planets in the solar system. 5. Copper does not combine with oxygen when cold, but it does do so slowly when heated. 6. The beta-rays which do pass through the aluminium do not ionize the gas as profusely as do the alpha-rays. 7. Most authorities agree that catalysts do in some manner combine with the substance or substances upon which their catalytic influence is exerted.
Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие предложения. Укажите, чем в них вызван обратный порядок слов:
1. Nowhere can we see such rapid progress as in radio engineering. 2. Not only does chlorine unite with gaseous hydrogen, but it will sometimes take hydrogen from other elements. 3. Only upon the adsorption of larger amounts was the sensitivity again lowered. 4. No sooner has the current started running in one direction than back it comes again. 5. Of great significance, however, is the fact that a few of particles are deflected through large angles. 6. Perhaps never was the making of an important invention shared by so many persons distributed so widely over the world.
Упражнение 4. Переведите следующие предложения. Выделите в них сказуемое:
1. Correlative with the conception of a system of planes is that of a system of great circles. 2. Surrounding this nucleus are electrons, the actual number depending upon the atom being considered. 3. Included in this table are currents calculated on the supposition that the entire effect is due to ionization by collision of negative ions only. 4. Belonging to this class are all elastomeric substances.
Упражнение 5. Переведите следующие предложения. Выделите в них союзы so, neither, nor:
1. Lever J moves upwards, so does lever M. 2. Carbon dioxide does not burn, nor does it support combustion. 3 The Moon having no atmosphere, there can be no wind, neither can there be any noise, for sound is carried by the air. 4. It is incorrect to say that an element is that which cannot be broken up into anything simpler. 5. Nor can the electron be regarded as a chemical element. 6. The ancients had no knowledge of stellar distances, neither was there then any means by which they could determine them.
Упражнение 6. Переведите следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на уступительные предложения:
1. Important as this question is in itself, the debate on the subject went far beyond its original bounds. 2. Strange as it may seem, sulphur dioxide may act as a reducing agent or as an oxidizing agent. 3. Small though it is, the proportion of natural plutonium is apparently greater than it can be thus accounted for. 4. Enormous as this prodigious flow of energy is, we do not know the manner of its coming. 5. Whatever these consideration may appear at first glance they are of great practical importance. 6. Wherever "a craze intersects the surface perturbation or discontinuity results. 7. Whoever the author may have been he should have dwelt on this problem.
Упражнение 7. Переведите следующие предложения. Укажите отрицательные префиксы:
1. Mars and Venus have atmospheres not dissimilar to ours. 2. River and lake deposits also not uncommonly contain remains of organisms which inhabited waters. 3. It seems not at all unlikely that many of the lower animal forms also have the power to make a similar distinction. 4. The advances of modern sciences in the production of a wide range of experimental temperatures are thus seen to be not inconsiderable.
Упражнение 8. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите, какими способами в них выделен тот или иной член предложения:
I
1. Not only did the newly discovered electron provide an entity which was assumed to be a constituent of all atoms, but it also provided a natural unit of electric charge. 2. Positrons have only a short period of existence after their formation. 3. It is for this reason that the positive electron had proved so difficult to detect. 4. Incomplete though these figures are, they give more information in several respects than has before been available. 5. Satisfactory as this theory may be in many respects it is far from being probable. 6. Not all substances separate from solution in the crystalline state: for instance, wax dissolves in petrol, but on evaporating the solvent we do not get crystals of wax, nor is glass crystalline. 7. It can only have been the close chemical similarity of circonium and hafnium which prevented the isolation of the latter by chemical means at a much earlier date. 8. Inserted in the circuit thus created is an instrument, called a galvanometer, diagrammed as a circle with an arrow that will indicate the passage of electric current through it and the two wires. 9. In short, it is practically impossible to design a machine so specialized that it will have value only with respect to the field of application originally intended. 10. Nor is there any computer which is superior to any other computer with respect to every problem.
II
1. It is from experiments on solubility of gases in liquids that Dalton appears first to have derived direct evidence in favour of this view. 2. The particles of water grow larger as condensation continues and ultimately become rain drops. 3. Not until then do they fall earthward with an appreciable velocity. 4. So slight are the differences between the members of division A and В in the Periodic Table that the division into subgroups is scarcely necessary except for convenience. 5. The value of this mass would not be affected by any systematic error common to all the observations not even
by such an error which varied uniformly with the time. 6. Nor would small errors in the adopted elements of the sun have any effect upon result. 7. At first it is only the molecules which terminate the longer paths that are ionized by collisions. 8. As the flux oscillates across the pole faces, so also does the neutral commulating zone oscillate. 9. Prominent among the confirmations of Einstein's hypothesis is the work related to the "photoelectric effect". 10. The "quant" theory, useful as it has proved itself does not yet possess the assured position of the atomic theory of matter. 11. Not until after the humanistic movement revived the study of Greek in Western Europe did Greek words begin to enter the English vocabulary in great quantity. 12. The values so estimated were not so high as we now know them to be, nor were they always accepted, but recognition of the polymeric nature of proteins is as old as the peptide theory.
III
1. Not only are perfect crystals an unattainable ideal, but they would be completely useless for most research studies. 2. It was Thales who taught the Greek sailors to steer their ships by the Pole Star. 3. Indeed, it is not unusual to find evidence of partial melting of the lead bullet on extracting it from the block, especially if the latter be of rather hard and resistant wood. 4. Thus it is known that birds do not keep direction by orientating themselves in the earth's magnetic field, neither apparently, does memorizing the route play an essential part.